Gem cutting is a process that dates back thousands of years. It is often referred to as faceting, a technique that involves taking a rough gem and transforming it into a beautiful shiny and sparkling masterpiece. While it may seem like a difficult task, you too can learn how to cut gemstones like a real master by following a few steps.
Steps
Step 1. Choose a "rough" stone that has not yet been cut
The type of stone determines the shape into which you can facet it, based on its clarity, height and shape.
Step 2. Do a search to find the exact cutting angles recommended for the specific type of stone you have chosen
You can find many sources available that deal with the art of faceting. Try online tutorials, read books or even look for real specific courses to improve your knowledge and skills.
Step 3. Use a facet machine tool to remove unnecessary outer parts of the jewelry
Most of the blanks have some odd shapes and you may need to cut out some parts so that the stone comes as close as possible to the size and shape you want.
Step 4. Heat a small amount of lacquer wax until it becomes soft and pliable
Attach it to the end of the peg of the machine and place the gem on the tip of the wax to connect it in turn. Make sure the jewelry is oriented correctly. The base of the gem, or what will become the final mounted part, should be in the wax, while the faceted surface should be exposed. Allow the wax around the stone to cool before starting the cutting job, so that it stays well “glued” to the peg.
Step 5. Cut the stone into the chosen shape
The classic choices are emerald, princess (or square brilliant), pear (or drop) and diamond cut. Each of these involves very specific faceting techniques and, to obtain the desired cut, you must consult the instructions that come with the machine tool. You can also search online for other specific cutting styles or look at some books for inspiration.
Step 6. Gently polish the finished jewelry with a soft cloth and metal oxide solution
This will give the new gem shine and help remove any residual dust or imperfections from the facet process.
Advice
- To achieve the desired cut, it may be necessary to reheat the wax, remove the rough stone and reposition it in the hot wax. If the stone is heated with wax it will not be damaged.
- While learning this technique, practice on less expensive gems, such as quartz or crystal. These stones will allow you to make mistakes without spending a fortune.
- The faceting technique is increasing in popularity and many cities regularly organize trade fairs dedicated to this art. Search your local area to find out if there are any exhibitions or events you can attend to buy rough stones, exchange ideas, or learn more about gem cutting.
