Cycling is a lot of fun as well as being a perfect way to keep fit. However, cyclists run risks, especially when sharing the road with motorized traffic. To be on the safe side, it's important to have a bike in perfect condition and pay attention to some basic, but very important, details when you're in traffic.
This article refers to traffic on the right hand side - if you live in a country where you turn left, keep this in mind when reading.
Steps
Part 1 of 5: Controlling the Bike
Step 1. Check your equipment
Before you even leave, it's important to make sure your bike is safe and roadworthy. Especially if it is old. Checking it means looking at the following details:
- Air - are the tires inflated enough?
- Brakes - do they work, are they clean?
- Chain - is it clean, free of debris, runs smoothly?
Step 2. Check the brakes
Take a ride on a flat surface and apply the brakes. If they don't work and you're not sure how to fix them, look for a nearby shop and ask for help.
Step 3. Check the tires
Put the tire in a basin with water. See if it produces bubbles. In that case, it means that there is a hole somewhere that you will need to fix or have someone fix. Repeat for the other gum.
Step 4. Check that the height is right for you
It's easy: just sit on the bike and check that your toes touch the ground (and nothing else). Adjust the seat if necessary and also the handlebars.
Part 2 of 5: Dress Properly
Step 1. Wear light-colored clothing, a reflective vest, or flashing lights
All this to make you more visible. When buying tops or t-shirts, remember that they must be at least white. You can also add reflective tape to the backpack yourself if you are wearing one.
Step 2. Wear comfortable shoes
Cycling in heels or flip flops is not a good idea. Wear suitable shoes with a flat sole and no protruding parts that could get caught in the bike frame or spokes. Slip the laces inside the shoe.
Step 3. Use elastic or tight pants
They will prevent the legs from getting between the spokes or getting dirty with chain grease.
Step 4. Do not tie anything to life
It may come loose and get stuck in the wheel, causing you to fall and hit your head. It may also catch on the chain or cover the rear light or reflector.
Step 5. Wearing a helmet is always a good idea when cycling
In some countries it is required by law. Even if it is not legally required, it is still a precaution for your protection: head trauma is the most common accident among those who ride a bicycle.
Step 6. Wear eye protection
Dirt, debris, pebbles or even insects could get in your eyes and give you problems. A pair of cycling glasses will avoid the hassle.
Part 3 of 5: Follow the Rules of the Road
Step 1. Learn the rules and use your senses
Every cyclist has the duty to learn the rules of the road, both those specific to those who ride a bicycle and those related to other vehicles. This includes teaching children what is important to know (see below). It is important to use your head when turning in traffic, relying on all your senses to be able to avoid any danger. Predicting the unexpected reduces surprises.
Step 2. Go in the direction of the traffic
Going against the hand is illegal and increases the risk of an accident exponentially because it increases the approach speed; moreover, those who are motorized tend not to look at the traffic in the direction from which the wrong cyclist could arrive.
Step 3. Before moving left or right, look behind you to make sure no one is there and mark what you want to do
Learn to turn your head to look behind you without going astray of course. You can do this by looking back as you follow a line into an empty parking lot. This ability is essential for moving left or right, for example, in case you have to pass a stopped truck on the side of the road or an obstacle. Just because it's not your fault that you have to move doesn't mean you have the right to move. If there is traffic in the adjacent lane, you will need to give way or find a time to change lanes (see below). It is therefore important to know how to look over your shoulder because many cyclists, even those with more experience, do not realize how much they skid when they do. Taking a look to see if you can move safely is useless if you swerve against traffic.
Step 4. Signal your intentions to other road users
That is, when you want to turn or stand to the side, keeping your arm out and parallel to the ground with the palm open forward is better than one raised in half and half bent. Before you lift your hand from the handlebar, take a good look at the road, check for any obstructions, stones, manholes or anything that could cause you to fall. Not only does the sign help explain what you are going to do, but it gives the rider a good reputation.
Step 5. Stop at the stops and check the traffic
Also follow road signs and traffic lights scrupulously.
Step 6. Evaluate the pros and cons of listening to music
Some studies suggest that a cyclist's level of response to danger is lowered by 10%, while other research seems to show that listening to music does not present many risks as long as you avoid dangerous areas, keep the volume low and do not use headphones with cancellation. noise.
Listening to music can also improve your stamina by about 15%
Step 7. Choose an obvious location on the lane
Many motorists may not notice a cyclist, especially if they are near the roadside. Some are irritated by their presence and somehow tend to block their way. Don't be mad: if they play you it means that they have noticed you. Be grateful and smile, nod, or nod. Stay calm, and focus. A small mirror could help you see the car behind you. A look at the right moment, a nod or a signal with your hand can be useful to communicate to the driver that you are aware of his presence and of the effect you could have on him, which could nip a possible fight in the bud.
Step 8. Keep the wheels at least 150 cm from the sides of cars parked sideways, to avoid being hit or having to jerk through traffic due to a door opening
Remember that even at 20 per hour you cover the distance equivalent to the length of a car every second. If a door suddenly opens, you may not have time to react and then stop. And if you instinctively swerve or get hit, you could be hit by traffic. Of course, motorists are obliged to look before opening the door, but do you just rely on the fact that they will always, without exception? If you cycle near parked cars, it's only a matter of time before you get hit by a door. Since the doors extend nearly a meter when they open, staying 1.5 meters away ensures safety with at least 6 inches of headroom. Below 150 cm you are in the danger zone. Don't be fooled if you are on a bike path. The image painted on the ground "does not" guarantee protection!
Step 9. Do not stand side by side in too narrow aisles or in traffic
If you stay right in lanes that are less than 4.5 meters wide, you create traffic problems and can cause fights. This attitude makes the cyclist less noticeable and invites motorists to come alongside, decreasing the safety margin for overtaking, or making them too late to realize that they must invade the other lane to pass without problems. Alert them first of the impossibility of standing side by side, checking the lane and staying in the center or on the left, so that they have the time and space to think about how to change it and overtake you.
Step 10. Share the road intelligently
At junctions with a lot of traffic, if the lane is wide enough for you to pass smoothly, stay to the side and make it easier for drivers to make room for you. If there is a lot of traffic, a correct position in the lane will help grab the attention of the driver behind you, discouraging him from concentrating until you have passed him. The rearview mirror can help you realize fast traffic is coming as well as letting you know when it's time to move to the side, usually when drivers have slowed down, a sign that they have noticed you and before they get irritated. Never use the mirror instead of turning your head to look over your shoulder before moving sideways.
Step 11. Remember that most of the risks are ahead of you, given by the traffic you turn and pass through
As soon as you approach an intersection, junction or an area where you can turn around, no matter which direction you want to take, choose a clear position in your lane, with enough space in the event of an accident. The shrewd cyclist settles for his position at least 300-500 meters before the intersection if he has not already done so.
Step 12. Watch out for cars on the right as they turn right
Whoever times, often only checks the traffic that is expected to be there, not noticing cyclists and pedestrians elsewhere. Sometimes it also forgets the cyclist who is in the correct position (just like motorcycles or even other motorists), that's why it takes extra space to avoid possible accidents. Try to figure out if you've been noticed and in this case eye contact doesn't matter (they can look at you but "not" see) - before taking it for granted. Pay attention to where they look, which side the tires are on, if they are still moving or stationary, etc. It's just a matter of time before someone ignores you and cuts your way and when that happens, you won't have to be taken by surprise!
Step 13. Moving sideways sometimes requires not only looking behind and signaling, but often a real "negotiation" as well
Remember that reporting does not give you the right to move automatically. The traffic that is already going needs space to allow you to maneuver. So signal, look behind and wait for others to give you a chance to move. If you need to cross a multi-lane intersection, repeat this procedure for each lane you change, one at a time just as if you were on a motorcycle.
Step 14. If you turn left, use the lane to turn
Start preparing first so that you have space and time to cross the road one lane at a time, after signing and negotiating. If you are not comfortable with this procedure, pull over, get off the bike and cross the intersection on foot with the bike by hand, following the rules of pedestrians.
Step 15. If you are going straight, do not use the lanes for turning or part of the road usually intended for turning
Drivers don't expect to find someone driving straight into those lanes. Before an intersection, move left if you cannot use the rightmost lane to continue.
Step 16. Do not pass slow or stopped traffic on the right that could turn that way
Instead, merge left to tag along or overtake them on that side. Watch out for those who overtake you and slow down to get caught and then let yourself be overtaken… to the right. They are almost always slowing down to turn right… so better look back and pass them on the left. Do not tempt fate!
If you are passing parked cars on the right, there is a possibility that the passenger door will open suddenly, especially if it is a taxi. Going left and more than a meter and a half of course is safer and usually faster.
Step 17. Learn the speed limits
It is important to avoid speed and respect limits, especially in specific areas (those close to crossings and schools).
Step 18. Know when to stay on the road, fast lane or cycle lane
The rules vary from country to country: usually the preferential lane should not be used and the cycle lane is mandatory only in case of very fast traffic. Beware of glass, debris or anything else that tends to collect in the cycle lane, which is not always as clean as the rest of the road. Be aware of the risks when traveling on the cycle path and the preferential lane, because you will usually make yourself less visible (compared to those arriving from behind and also to those in front of you). Being on the right also shortens your view ahead and reduces the safety gap between you and any danger near the roadside. In short: decide where to be by imagining where you would be if there were no directions, taking into account everything that has been explained to you. Remember that the stripes are in specific areas and the best one for cycling depends on the current traffic situation and conditions, so don't rely solely on the stripes.
Step 19. Do not go on cycle lanes that are within the opening radius of the doors
Remember that they are usually around 150-200cm wide so if your lane is close to parked cars, don't be on them. To assess proximity, check the line that delimits the lane.
Step 20. Using the cycle paths on the side of the road is not mandatory but it is better, especially if you go slowly
Be even more careful than when using bicycle lanes, especially near intersections and driveways, where cycle traffic can be easily ignored.
Step 21. Avoid cycling on sidewalks or footpaths
It is usually not a good idea to go to the sidewalk because in many places it is deemed illegal. An exception is when the bicycle sticker is also drawn on the sidewalk, but be careful anyway because you have to divide the space with cyclists coming from the opposite direction as well as yours, and with pedestrians. Roads are generally smoother and make the bike ride faster and more comfortable than the bumpy and often obstructed sidewalk.
Step 22. Take extra precautions if you ride your bike when it's wet
This is especially true if it rains for the first time after weeks of good weather: oil and grease will slip on the asphalt. So don't lean into the curves and pay attention to the shiny marks and manholes. In ice conditions, even more attention is needed: in that case it is better to postpone the ride to the afternoon or maybe cancel it completely.
Step 23. Cross the tracks / level crossings in the most correct way
The wheels could get stuck in the rails or you could slip if it is wet.
Step 24. Always carry an ID, tag or medical bracelet with you if you have one
If you lose consciousness they will be vital for those who help you immediately.
Part 4 of 5: Making Yourself Visible
Step 1. Use the lights correctly
Motorcycles have a front light that must always be switched on, because they are small and difficult to see compared to other vehicles. A bicycle is even smaller. When shooting in the evening it takes at least one white front light, although adding more helps make you more visible; also you have to wear something reflective as mentioned above. Lighting is useful day and night:
- During the day, the flashing front one attracts attention.
- In the evening, the front light must be kept fixed. The beam provides the right visibility, while if it flashed it would become annoying as well as not guaranteeing good visibility of the road.
- When it gets dark outside, turn on the lights. This is true even if it is not completely dark but your eyes are starting to get tired: remember that you must be visible even at sunset, so better turn them on early rather than late.
- Put a red LED or flashing light on the back of the bike or helmet. It can blink or whatever, because it doesn't bother the night vision unlike the front light, and the driver won't rely solely on that to gauge distance.
Step 2. Maintain a position that is visible in the lane
Going a few feet one way or another might not make a big difference in terms of recognition, as you should still be in the line of sight of those following you, until you reflect on a driver's "zone of attention" instead of his own. visual space. Being in the field of vision isn't enough to get them to notice you, you need to be in a spot that makes you relevant - where drivers pay more attention. Being in the "biker position" in the middle of traffic does not guarantee you will be seen but it lowers the chances of them not noticing you, as well as giving you an advantage and more room to maneuver in case of problems. Also, if you have a mirror in addition to being clearly visible in the lane, you will easily determine "when" they notice you, as drivers will obviously slow down if they realize they are facing a cyclist. If you stand on one side, they usually won't slow down even if they notice you, so you won't be able to tell who knows you are there from who hasn't noticed you. You can always temporarily move to the side to facilitate faster traffic - it's a perfect way to get noticed.
Step 3. Be careful at night
Cycling at night can be really dangerous. Always travel on well-lit roads, without holes and debris on the asphalt. Go slower than the speed you would take during the day because you need time to react in case of danger due to poor visibility, which makes this activity dangerous during this time slot.
Step 4. Use the signs properly
Hand signals are vital if you want to ride a bike. Especially for those who turn left in traffic. Ignore what they told you in elementary school:
- If you turn left, extend your left arm outwards
- If you turn to the right, do the same with the other arm.
- To slow down or to stop, stretch one arm to one side, bent 90 degrees down.
Step 5. Advise appropriately
When you overtake cyclists or pedestrians, it is essential to show your presence. Not only is this a sign of politeness, but it reduces the chances of a collision as pedestrians won't get in the way, moving around and avoiding you ending up in traffic. A bell or a voice: "A [Left / Right]", are two ways to attract attention.
Step 6. Watch out for parked vehicles
As you pass parked cars, leave enough room for the doors to open fully as you pass. Getting hit by a door can cause serious injury and even death.
Part 5 of 5: Improving Child Safety on Bikes
Step 1. Teach your children how to ride a bike in a completely safe place
Let them learn at their own pace and encourage them often. They will therefore fall prepared to hug them and motivate them to get them back on the saddle. Be patient, always.
Step 2. Make sure children always "wear" a helmet when on their bike
For them it has to become automatic.
Step 3. Tell older children that going at full speed can lead to injury
Discourage them and warn them of the dangers of not holding on to the handlebars, or of going downhill at excessive speed.
Step 4. Find places where the children can cycle safely and a safe route to school or other directions
As the person responsible for the welfare of your children, you will need to take the time to sift through good paths and places where your children can go without problems.
Advice
- If you change gears, when you go uphill you put the lowest and highest on the downhill. The higher the number, the higher the voltage.
- Installing a chain guard reduces the chances of hurting yourself if it breaks. The broken chain can lead to deep lacerations in the calves.
- When climbing, it is safer to keep the bike close to the curb and ride on the higher side.
- Always carry water and a snack with you. Staying hydrated is important when exercising because you sweat a lot. Dehydration lowers blood pressure and causes hypovolemic shock. Don't forget something to munch on too. Intense exercise such as cycling can also lower your sugar level very quickly, which would lead to bouts of hypoglycemia. Energy bars are protein and carbohydrate based and are small enough to fit in pockets or saddlebags.
- Take any precautions you would take if you went on foot.
- Some bikes don't have handlebar brakes. Usually, you brake by pedaling backwards - check before using such a bike.
- Report potholes, slippery surfaces and other hazards to local businesses, with photos (or Google maps) of the exact spots.
- A shout is often more effective than the bell.
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Safe Cycling Clinic 134 2102 Look for cycle traffic education classes where you live. They teach you how to ride a bicycle correctly. Look for ones for children if they are of the age of the bicycle.
Warnings
- Do not ride your bike alongside someone unless you are under the speed limit. If you don't have an odometer, you will have to try to guess it but it is always better to stay below the limit than to exceed it.
- Freeways can be dangerous for anyone unless you stand on one side, but cycling is usually prohibited.
- Some roads are not really suitable for cycling. The López Mateos Highway in Guadalajara, Mexico, for example, is very dangerous because it is full of packed buses going at 100 km / h and cars at 120 km / h. Look for these streets and avoid them: if you really have to cycle through them, stay on the sidewalk but give priority to pedestrians. However, many motorways and expressways prohibit access to bicycles.
- Most accidents happen at intersections. In heavy traffic it is better to cross with the bike by hand even if there is a traffic light. You never know: someone could turn even with red without realizing your presence.
- Beware of dogs. Some are unfamiliar with bicycles and may see them as a threat.
- If you go on a path or a sidewalk, remember that your speed must be commensurate with those who share the road with you. If you plan to always go faster than 10 mph, or are on a sidewalk with many pedestrians, it is probably best to move on the road.
- If you are not comfortable going to the right side because the traffic is coming from behind, go to the sidewalk but always give priority to those who are on foot. Never go in the opposite direction to traffic as you may crash into cars.
- Remember that the sound of vehicles coming towards you can overwhelm that of cars coming from behind.
- Learn the rules. Many cities in Europe have cycle paths along the roads. The lane closest to the road is reserved for bicycles, the other for pedestrians. Drivers expect you to stay within your lane and may not mind the bikes on the road.
- Being able to understand the driving dynamics of a car is really useful in avoiding those situations in which a driver will have to perform emergency maneuvers to avoid hitting you.
