Fleas are a real torment for you and your dog. If you notice that your four-legged friend is itching and scratching more than usual, check for signs of fleas, such as eggs, bites and droppings (also known as "coal dust"). It is usually easy to get rid of these parasites using specific treatments such as shampoos and flea collars. First of all, though, you should consult with your vet to make sure you are using the right treatment and in the right dose.
Steps
Part 1 of 3: Identifying the Fleas
Step 1. Look for small red spots, eggs, or charcoal dust on your dog's skin
Some of the most obvious signs of flea presence are small raised red marks, a black powder similar to grains of sand, and small white eggs that resemble tiny grains of rice.
- If your dog has an allergic reaction to bites, the red area may be more extensive.
- If your dog's coat is dark in color, comb it and then tap the comb on a paper towel to check for any eggs or charcoal dust.
Step 2. Check that your dog is not scratching excessively
If your dog scratches, licks or nibbles his skin, he may have fleas - monitor his behavior to make sure he doesn't do these things more frequently than usual.
Step 3. Look for irritation or scabs on your dog's skin
Scabs, hair loss and inflammation can be indicative of a number of dermatological problems, including flea infestation. If you suspect your dog has fleas, check the skin for any irritated, bald, or crusted areas.
If you experience any of these symptoms, call your vet. In addition to flea infestation, these symptoms could signal the presence of ticks, mange and other skin diseases
Step 4. Use a flea comb
If you think your dog has fleas, you can purchase a specific comb at any pet store. Use the comb to check for fleas and to prevent any from escaping. This type of comb facilitates the identification of fleas, as well as their eggs and coal dust.
Step 5. Look for adult jumping fleas
In severe cases you may actually see adult fleas jumping on your dog's back. Take your furry friend to the vet immediately for flea treatment.
Not all flea infestations are created equal, so don't panic. The vet will be able to assess the severity of the situation and prescribe the appropriate treatment
Part 2 of 3: Treating a Flea Infestation
Step 1. Check with your vet
Before using flea treatments, talk to your vet to make sure you choose the right product. The dosage depends on the size of the dog; furthermore, puppies may be too small - both in age and weight - for certain types of treatments. Call or book a visit to make sure you choose the best flea treatment for your dog.
Step 2. Use a flea shampoo
Flea shampoo is an effective and quick way to rid your dog of parasites, but it is a non-definitive first-aid measure. The effect of the shampoo only lasts for a couple of weeks, so it will still be necessary to take the dog to the vet for a more lasting treatment or for oral drug treatment. Read the instructions on the package to use the right amount of product. Repeat the application as recommended on the package or by the veterinarian.
- Excessive use of topical pesticides could be irritating or even dangerous for your dog. Pay attention to the quantities of product depending on the weight and age of the animal.
- Use a suitable comb to brush the dog once it is dry, thus removing any remaining eggs.
- When used correctly, flea shampoo should leave no residue. However, be sure to rinse well.
Step 3. Apply a treatment to prevent fleas and ticks on your dog
Common pesticides can also be used in case of flea infestation. This type of treatment works gradually, so it is most effective when combined with a fast-acting product like flea shampoo.
- Topical treatments such as the Advantage and the flea collar can help in case of flea infestation.
- Flea collars are only effective against adult fleas. You will also need treatment to get rid of any developing eggs and fleas that escaped the bathroom.
Step 4. Get a prescription for persistent infestation treatment
If your dog has a flea infestation that is difficult to eradicate and that causes him severe discomfort, make an appointment with the vet. He will likely prescribe a more effective treatment that will rid your dog of fleas, giving him relief.
Always follow your veterinarian's instructions carefully about administering medicines. Pay particular attention to dosage, times and any side effects
Step 5. Sanitize the house to avoid a recurrence of the problem
Wash the kennel, blankets, clothing and fabric toys in the washing machine, using a detergent suitable for dogs and a sanitizing product. Disinfect bowls and plastic toys with hot water and dish soap. To remove fleas from floors and carpets, put a flea collar inside the vacuum cleaner bag and vacuum the areas where the dog usually stays. Remember to empty the bag often.
A good house cleaning just after the infestation will eliminate any eggs or fleas that have fallen from your dog's coat
Part 3 of 3: Preventing Future Bites
Step 1. Use specific products to keep fleas and ticks away
Pesticide products are on sale in most pet stores and exist in the form of tablets, collars, and topical treatments. Choose the product that best suits your dog and use it regularly. Administer the lozenges or topical treatments as advised on the package or by your veterinarian. The collars must be changed according to the timing recommended by the manufacturer.
Step 2. Brush the dog with a special flea comb
Brushing your dog regularly can help get rid of fleas before they spread. Brush your loyal friend on a weekly basis to prevent fleas from depositing their eggs, thus leading to a full-fledged infestation.
Step 3. Wash your dog's items weekly
Washing the bed, blankets, bowls, toys and clothes once a week prevents the proliferation of fleas. Wash everything in hot water with a detergent suitable for animals by selecting the sanitizing program, if the washing machine has it. Wash bowls and plastic toys with hot water and dish soap.
Step 4. Keep the house clean
To prevent fleas from getting to your dog, you need to keep them away from home. Vacuum the areas where the dog usually stays and use a flea spray or place traps throughout the house. This measure is particularly important if the infestation has already occurred.
- The most suitable solution depends on the environment in which you live. If your dog has had multiple infestations, opt for something more effective to get rid of fleas and ticks.
- Flea traps work well if the infestation is already under control.
Step 5. Isolate the infested animals
Prevents fleas from passing from one animal to another by isolating the infested subject. This could mean locking your dog in a room to keep him from coming into contact with other pets. If there are multiple outbreaks, you may want to preserve uninfested animals by temporarily taking them to a friend's house or an animal boarding house until the house is disinfected.
- Isolation does not have to seem like a punishment. Make sure your dog has enough food and water, as well as his blankets, bed and toys. Spend time with him. This is to keep fleas from spreading, not to ignore your faithful friend or to mortify him.
- Always wash your hands and change clothing after interacting with a flea-infested animal before coming into contact with other animals.
