How to Have Healthy Skin (with Pictures)

2024 Author: Samantha Chapman | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 09:13

Each of us has had some problems with our skin at least once in our life: acne, dryness, sensitivity, greasiness, spots or wrinkles. Fortunately, most of these flaws can be dealt with without particular difficulty: you just need to be willing to take care of your face. Start from the first step to find the right advice and get healthy skin!

Steps

Part 1 of 3: Developing a Routine

Step 1. Find out what type of skin you have

The first step is to find the right product for you; each skin is unique, so what works for one person doesn't necessarily work for you. Find out if your skin is normal, sensitive, dry, combination, blemish-prone or oily.

If your skin is normal, you are lucky! You have no fat problems, you have small pores and very rarely suffer from acne.
If your skin is sensitive, it will tend to get annoyed or irritated depending on the weather, your lifestyle and the products you use.
Skin dry it usually pulls after cleaning and can redden or flake depending on the weather, especially when exposed to cold.
Skin mixed it means it can be dry and greasy. It may be scaly and rough around the edges but oily in the central area of the face (the T-zone).
That subject to imperfections, such as blackheads, pimples and excessive oiliness, is the most difficult to cure; even if you clean it, it will continue to produce them.
Skin oily it can be greasy and shiny just a few hours after being washed. The oil it produces may also ruin your makeup during the day.
In addition, the tone of your skin (light, medium or dark) also helps to determine which type of product to buy.

Step 2. Wash your face twice a day, no more, no less

It is very important to eliminate bacteria, dirt, excess oil and excess makeup traces that would remain on your skin.

Many people believe that washing your face several times a day is good for you, but that's not the case. It actually hurts like not cleaning it at all; you would only risk irritating it and making it dry.
Just wash it twice a day: in the morning, to get rid of excess oil, and in the evening, to remove make-up and dirt.
Use a product that is suitable for your skin type (it should be noted on the packaging). Whenever possible, try not to use cleansers that are scented, colored, or filled with chemicals, as they may irritate your face or simply be ineffective. When it comes to choosing skin cleansing products, remember: the simpler they are, the better.
To cleanse your face, start by rinsing it with warm water. Water that is too hot can dry out the skin but lukewarm water is perfect for dilating pores. Spray some cleanser on your hands and apply it gently with your fingers, using circular motions.
Rinse your face with cold water to close the pores, making sure you get rid of all traces of cleanser. Use a clean towel to blot (do not rub or you will irritate the skin). Or, even better, let it dry on its own.

Step 3. Use a skin toner

It is the most overlooked product in skin care, and many women skip this step. While it is not necessary for facial cleansing, it can bring many benefits.

First, it removes any impurities and excess makeup that may have escaped the cleanser, leaving your skin spotless. Secondly, the toning helps restore the skin's ideal pH balance. Third, it leaves the skin slightly moist and therefore, able to absorb products such as moisturizers and sunscreens or serums, which you may want to apply.
These toners also serve to add some active ingredients to your cleansing routine. Which they are depends exclusively on your skin type: if you have skin prone to imperfections, you can use a toner that contains alpha and beta hydroxy acids that exfoliate the skin; if it is dry, opt for a moisturizing tonic with vitamin E or aloe vera; if you are looking for one that fights the signs of aging, choose it containing anti oxidants (to repair the skin) and retinoids (to fight wrinkles). In any case, if you have dry or sensitive skin, absolutely avoid alcohol-based ones, as they may dry out or irritate your face.
Many toners are in liquid form, making them very easy to use; put some on a clean cotton ball and gently apply it to your face and neck. You don't need to rinse.

Step 4. Apply the moisturizer

No matter what your skin type is, it is one of the essential points of your routine. The cream moisturizes the skin, retaining water in the most superficial layer; it also protects it and maintains its tone. The type of cream to use depends on your skin.

If you have skin normal, opt for a water-based cream, which does not upset the balance. The cream should stay light, not make the skin greasy. Those for normal skin usually contain light oils, such as cetyl alcohol and cyclomethicone.
If your skin is dry, you need a cream that deeply hydrates. Usually, those for this type of skin are oil-based, to retain moisture. Look for one with particularly moisturizing ingredients, such as grape seed oil and dimethicone (a type of silicone-based oil).
If your skin is prone to imperfections, it should still be hydrated, especially if you use a cleanser or a tonic to make it drier. Look for a very light water-based cream, as long as it doesn't clog your pores.
To the skin sensitive you need a very simple cream, which does not irritate. Avoid colored or scented ones and stay away from products containing acids. Instead, look for soothing ingredients, such as aloe vera, chamomile, and cucumber.
Skin aging it tends to dry out easily, so look for an oil-based cream. Also look for additional ingredients like antioxidants, retinoids, and alpha hydroxy acids to tone the skin and reduce wrinkles.

Step 5. Exfoliate your face regularly

It is used to eliminate dead cells, leaving the skin smooth and radiant. That's why it's important to do this at least once or more times a week (depending on your skin type).

Many people make the mistake of believing that exfoliation means scrubbing the skin with raw products; this is false because micro tears can also be created.
The skin, especially that of the face, is very delicate and needs more care than we usually give it. If you want to buy an exfoliant, choose one with small pearls and not large granules.
Alternatively, you can buy a cleanser that also contains exfoliating ingredients, such as alpha hydroxy acids that eliminate dead skin cells, without the need to scrub. You can also simply use a clean, damp cloth to gently scrub your face; it works like any other product and has no cost!
Another option is to invest in an exfoliating tool like the Clarisonic, which is equipped with a rotating brush, for a deep cleansing of the face. They are good for some people but despite the high price (from 80 to 180 euros) they are not for everyone.
The last option is to make yourself an exfoliating scrub. It is easy to do and can produce the same results as a bought exfoliant, plus you are sure to apply only natural ingredients to your face. Try mixing brown sugar and olive oil, baking soda and water or any other ingredients you find at home!

Step 6. Always remove traces of makeup

It may seem like the most obvious thing in the world but never underestimate the importance of completely removing makeup every night. Even if there will be evenings when you don't feel like it, your skin will thank you!

Leaving makeup on overnight can clog pores and prevent skin from regenerating after the stress of the day. This only opens the door to blackheads, pimples, excess oil and all sorts of unwanted problems!
Plus, makeup can trap free radicals your skin is exposed to during the day. If you don't clean your skin thoroughly before going to sleep, these radicals remain on your face and this is not good, as they attack collagen, forming lines and wrinkles.
While thorough cleaning is preferable, you should always have a pack of makeup remover wipes by your bed in case of an emergency; at least you will be able to remove most of the makeup from your face before placing your face on the pillow.
Speaking of makeup … if you can, try to give your skin some respite from time to time by avoiding makeup, especially if you use a consistent base. You may not like it but it's good for your skin. If you don't feel like going out completely without makeup, try a tinted moisturizer, which is certainly lighter than a foundation.
Finally, check your beauty case at least every six months to get rid of any make-up that has been there for too long; they are a haven for bacteria and using them can lead to clogged pores and pimples.

Step 7. Don't forget sunscreen

Last but not least, if there is a change to make in your daily routine, it is to always wear sunscreen. It is something that absolutely should not be underestimated.

It protects your skin from UVA and UVB rays, which contribute to problems. For one thing, it's proven to reduce the chances of getting skin cancer and it's already a great reason to wear it.
Secondly, it protects against the signs of aging. The sun, in fact, is one of the main reasons why wrinkles, spots and other diseases come on our face. Always wearing sunscreen will keep your skin young for a long time.
Look for an SPF that is at least 30, especially if you have fair skin or red hair. Many moisturizers and foundations already contain them, making your routine easier.
Remember to use it every day and not just in summer or when the weather is nice. UV rays penetrate your skin even when it's cold or raining. You can also put on less sunscreen and wear a nice pair of sunglasses and a trendy hat every now and then.
Never use old or expired sunscreen. It would no longer have benefits and you would no longer be protected from sunburn or other harm. In addition, the formulation of the cream can change once it has expired, causing irritation and itching.

Part 2 of 3: Solving Skin Problems

Step 1. Fight acne

It is one of the most stubborn and irritating skin problems. Although it affects young people more, adults can also suffer from it and no one is immune from it. Since acne is such a widespread problem, there are many treatments available and with a little trial and error you can find the one that works best for you.

Follow the normal steps for cleansing your face but make sure you use specific products for skin that is more prone to acne. Try using cleaners that contain ingredients like triclosan, benzoyl peroxide, and salicylic acid. Use a light, oil-free moisturizer to keep your skin from drying out.
In addition to regular cleansing, it can help you to follow a specific topical treatment, with creams or ointments. Some of the more effective treatments include ingredients such as benzoyl peroxide, salicylic acid, sulfur, retinoids, and azelaic acid. Although most of these topical treatment creams are available in the market, in large concentrations they need a prescription.
If these treatments don't work, make an appointment with a dermatologist; can prescribe a topical or oral treatment designed for your needs. For some people, antibiotics work, some women fight acne by taking the pill, and for others, more invasive treatments, such as isotretinoin, are needed.

Step 2. Stop aging

At some point in life, we all have to deal with lines, wrinkles and blemishes. With the right care and protection, you can avoid these problems, keeping your skin young for as long as possible.

First of all, it is important that you use specific and highly moisturizing products when cleaning your face, since the skin, as it ages, tends to dry out and crack.
To combat wrinkles and soft skin, opt for creams and lotions that contain antioxidants, which neutralize free radicals (which attack cells, promoting the appearance of wrinkles and signs of aging). Some of the ingredients that contain antioxidants are: tea extracts, retinol (a vitamin A compound) and kinetin (a plant compound that is believed to increase collagen in the skin).
To combat blemishes and sun damage, look for products that contain alpha and beta hydroxy acids, which exfoliate the skin, eliminating dead skin and revealing the smooth, glowing skin that remains underneath.
If, on the other hand, you are looking for a single product that can fight all the signs of aging, there is only one: Retin-A. Generally known as tretinoin or retinoic acid, it is an acid form of vitamin A that is extremely effective in reducing wrinkles, firming loose skin and decreasing blemishes, increasing cell reproduction and thus increasing the collagen contained in the skin. You can only buy it with a prescription, so ask your dermatologist for advice or find more information here.

Step 3. Combat color changes such as melasma, dark spots and hyperpigmentation

These problems are caused by the excessive production of melanin in the skin, due to various factors such as sun exposure, pregnancy, menopause, the birth control pill, various drugs and genetic predisposition. Although this problem usually goes away on its own, there are several treatments that can speed up the process.
The first step is to choose products that contain retinoids and use them daily. Retinoids derived from vitamin A exfoliate the skin, thus replacing the “stained” layers with those below. This way you should see improvements within a few months. If you want faster action, get a prescription for a cream or gel containing retinoic acid; you will get the same result but in less time.
If you are looking for a more intensive treatment, to fight dark spots or melasma, hydroquinone is an effective option; lightens the skin by inhibiting the production of melanin. The 2% formula is available in stores but if you need the 4% formula you will need a recipe. Before following this treatment, it is good that you know that hydroquinone has been banned in much of Asia and Europe, due to its carcinogenic properties.
If costs aren't an issue, you might as well get a laser or light treatment, chemical peel, or microdermabrasion. Talk to your dermatologist to figure out which option is best for you.
Lastly, the most important thing to remember when dealing with skin blemishes is to always wear sunscreen. UV rays would decrease melanin production, causing even more problems for your skin.

Step 4. Manage sensitivity

Having sensitive skin can be a big problem: you have to be very careful about the products you use and how you treat it, otherwise you risk making it red or dry, causing burns or even pustules.

If you have sensitive skin you will also be more prone to contracting diseases such as eczema, rosacea, acne and contact dermatitis. If you have a little patience and learn to make the right decisions for the sake of your skin, it's not that hard to take care of.
As mentioned before, when buying products for sensitive skin, avoid colored or scented ones, since they could cause unwanted reactions. Choose simpler products, such as those with 10 (or fewer) ingredients.
Also avoid products containing antibacterial agents, alcohols, retinoids, or alpha hydroxy acids. While they are good for other skin types, in this case they would only cause redness and irritation.
Instead, look for products that contain soothing and anti-inflammatory ingredients such as chamomile, white tea, aloe, calendula, oats, and marine plants.
If you want to use a specific product but don't know how your skin would react, do a patch test first. Take a small amount and apply it behind the ear. Do this for five nights in a row, and if there is no irritation, apply it to a small area of skin next to the eye. Repeat the process and if nothing happens, you can use the product all over your face.
As for makeup, look for a silicone-based foundation, which is less likely to cause irritation. Use eyeliner and other pencil products, as liquid ones contain latex, which is a common allergen. Do not use waterproof mascara because it requires a type of makeup remover that is too aggressive for sensitive skin.

Part 3 of 3: Making Life Changes

Step 1. Eat healthy

Eat a healthy diet, rich in vitamins and minerals that your skin needs. Vitamins A, B, C, E and K help keep skin healthy and glowing.

Vitamin B forms the basis of skin, hair and nails. You can find it in foods like oatmeal, eggs, bananas, rice, and even Vegemite.
Vitamin C protects the skin from the sun's rays, keeping you away from skin cancer. You can find it in foods like lemon, lime, oranges, peppers, grape juice or blueberries, cauliflower, and green leafy vegetables.
Vitamin E also helps protect the skin from sun exposure; the foods that contain it are: olives, spinach, nuts, seeds and vegetable oils.
Vitamin A is essential for the regeneration of the skin and tissues; without it, your skin will be dry and flaky; found in vegetables and fruit. Eat as much as you can.
Vitamin K helps reduce dark circles. It is found in green leafy vegetables, dairy products and meat such as pork and liver.

Step 2. Stay hydrated

As you already know, drinking water is important for maintaining healthy and clean skin. This is due to the fact that the skin, like most of the cells in our body, is primarily composed of water.

Without the right amount of water, the skin can become dehydrated and appear dry, tight and sagging. In the long run, wrinkles may also appear.
Drinking lots of water also helps eliminate harmful toxins, which would cause damage to your skin and the general well-being of the body.
Although there is no precise amount of water to drink during the day (it varies from person to person), a good average is to drink about 6-8 glasses a day.
If you don't like drinking water that much, you can substitute green or herbal tea or coconut water (which is said to be even better for the skin).
You should also eat plenty of fruits and vegetables that contain water, such as tomatoes, cucumbers, watermelons, grapes, iceberg lettuce, celery, and radishes.

Step 3. Get the right sleep

Sleep is essential for healthy looking skin; They don't call it beauty sleep for nothing! While you sleep, it repairs and regenerates itself, replacing old cells with new ones.

If you don't get enough sleep, your skin can feel dull and pale the next morning. This is partly due to your blood not being able to circulate as it should when you feel tired. Lack of sleep also causes blood vessels under the skin to dilate, forming dark circles.
To maintain healthy skin, you should sleep 7-8 hours a night. Also try to go to sleep and wake up at the same time every day, as your body likes the routine. Avoid smoking or drinking alcohol before bed as it will affect your sleep.
In addition to sleep itself, you can take small steps to protect your skin. For example, you can sleep on your back instead of on your stomach; this way you will avoid pressing your face against the pillow, thus causing wrinkles.
Change your pillow case at least once a week to prevent the buildup of oils, dirt, and bacteria. Choose white, rather than colored, so as not to irritate sensitive skin.

Step 4. Exercise often

It not only keeps you fit but also helps keep skin healthy and glowing by regulating the flow of oxygen into the skin.

Don't wear makeup while exercising; sweat and dirt would get trapped in the pores, causing them to break.
Don't keep the sweat on your face when you're done. Take a shower and, if you can't, wash your face right away.

Step 5. Avoid stress

It is bad for your skin because it contributes to the formation of excess oil, pimples, redness, sensitivity and wrinkles. It can also aggravate skin conditions such as rosacea and eczema.

As for body chemistry, stress causes an increase in cortisol, the hormone that triggers the production of oils, leading to acne breakout. It also dilates blood vessels, causing redness.
On a physical level, frowning often causes a loss of collagen, causing premature wrinkles.
Therefore, by reducing your stress levels, you can improve the appearance of your skin. Take time for yourself and do the things you enjoy, like going for a walk, doing yoga, or just spending time with loved ones.

Step 6. Stop smoking

Smoking is bad for your skin; if you want to have a healthy one and prevent the signs of aging, the first thing to eliminate is cigarettes.

Smoking is bad for the skin in several ways. First, they contain carbon monoxide which prevents the right amount of oxygen from entering and nicotine, which reduces blood flow. The skin may be graying, dry and pale.
Secondly, smoking inhibits the absorption of nutrients such as vitamin C, which is needed to repair and regenerate the skin.
Smokers tend to have more wrinkles and signs of aging than those who don't, due to the fact that nicotine prevents the blood from flowing as it should.
Quitting smoking isn't easy, but with determination and support from the people you love, it's possible.

Advice

Don't touch your face often. The temptation is strong, especially if you want to remove scabs or stains, but there are a lot of bacteria on your fingers and they can be transferred to the face very easily, infecting other areas.
Don't apply a lot of lotions, you risk weighing down your skin. A small amount is sufficient. Too many chemicals can make the situation worse and lead to pimples and grease. Just wash your face with warm water, dry it well and apply a cream.
Keep your hair clean. Especially if you have bangs. Be aware that if your hair is dirty and falls on your face, it can spread germs and bacteria. In case of oily hair, make sure it does not fall on the face and wash it regularly avoiding using the conditioner on the bangs.
Instead of wearing a lot of foundation, you can mix it with your moisturizer.
Try switching from heavy foundation to mineral makeup to not clog pores.
Use olive, coconut, or shea butter on your face if you have dry skin (coconut oil is most recommended). Heat it in the microwave to make it liquid and, in the evening, apply it on your face, after cleaning it with a cleanser. You can buy these oils directly at the supermarket.
If a moisturizer or exfoliator is causing you a rash, stop using it and switch to another product. Let your face rest and don't wear makeup for a couple of days.
If you suffer from acne, avoid consuming products that contain Narraganset, which increases the production of natural oils. It is an ingredient that is extracted from red algae and is found in various foods, such as ice cream.
Always test products before using them. To do this, apply a small amount on your wrist or arm and wait 24 hours. If you do not notice allergic reactions, you can use the product.
3 to 4 cups of green tea a day will help you maintain beautiful and healthy skin.

Warnings

In case of severe problems with acne and pimples, it is recommended to consult a doctor or dermatologist. There are drugs that can significantly reduce and cure it.
This method is not valid for everyone.
If you live in a cold country and have dark skin, don't use a lot of sunscreen. The melanin in the skin blocks UV light, so if you use sunscreen, you could block it completely and develop a vitamin D deficiency.