Education & Communication 2024, October

Isaac Newton was the first to demonstrate that white light is made up of all colors of the visible spectrum. He also experimented that it can be broken down into different colors thanks to a process called refraction. For this purpose he used a prism, but it is also possible to use water.

If you've come across a rock that doesn't appear to belong to this world, there's a chance it's a meteorite. Although meteorites are relatively rare on Earth, it is not impossible to find them in nature. However you have to make sure that the rock actually comes from space and is not an ordinary earth stone.

Collecting minerals can be a fun hobby, not least because there are so many to identify. There are a variety of tests you can conduct - without specific equipment - to narrow down the possibilities, and the brief description of the minerals in this article can help you check your results.

Mushrooms are undoubtedly a tasty ingredient with which to enrich pizzas, pasta dishes, salads and much more. It would be best to leave the search for wild edible mushrooms to professional mycologists (ie mushroom scientists); if you still want to collect them yourself, you must be very careful:

Humidity indicates the amount of water or water vapor present in the air. Relative humidity represents the maximum percentage of water vapor that air can contain at a specific temperature. The technical term "dew point" indicates the temperature at which the air is saturated with water vapor, after which the latter condenses into dew.

Making a 3D hologram is easier than you think. With a simple smartphone and a few pieces of plastic, you can turn a common two-dimensional image into a 3D figure in your living room - or in the palm of your hand. All you need is some materials you have at home and 30 minutes of time.

Building a barometer is a simple and fun activity, perfect for a school or home science project. You can make a rudimentary aneroid (air) barometer with a balloon, a jar and some common objects. Alternatively, you can make a water barometer with a bottle, plastic tubes, and a ruler.

Observation of the clouds is suitable for dreamers, scientists, nature lovers and even you! While it is natural to define soft clouds as "heavy, rainy, or black", if you are interested in their classification it can be fun (and useful) to know the right terminology.

How can ice freeze in temperatures above freezing? By making instant hot ice, of course. Impossible? Possible! You can make this substance, which looks like ice but releases heat, with materials you can find in a store or at home by following the instructions below.

There is an ingenious trick that allows you to bounce the cap of an empty bottle using air pressure. Since he could jump very forcefully, make sure you don't point him at anyone. If you compress the air inside so that it is forced to occupy an increasingly narrow space, the pressure will begin to increase.

The Tesla coil was conceived and presented in 1891 by the famous scientist Nikola Tesla. It is a device created to conduct experiments in the production of high voltage electrical discharges. It consists of a generator, a capacitor, a coil transformer, and is formed by several resonant electrical circuits placed so that the voltage has alternating maximum peaks between the two components, and finally a spark gap or a pair of electrodes in which the current passes, passing throu

Whether you are planning to become a doctor or simply learn more about the human body, anatomy is an important subject because it helps to understand the structure and functions of the organism. However, it is also complex and rich in content, so without a good study plan it can be difficult.

There are many different ways of writing a laboratory report and the one to follow depends on the objectives of the course of study, the preferences of the teacher or tutor and the grade you are attending. In general, the paper should have a title, a summary, an introduction, the list of materials used during the experiment, a description of the methodology, the results, the discussion of the latter and the bibliography.

How many times have you let yourself be hypnotized by a lava lamp? You held it in your hands, barely moved, and stopped to watch the liquid move and separate, giving life to different shapes and colors. Right after that you looked at the price tag, and put it back in its place.

Biology is a subject that is studied in high school. The key thing when dealing with it is to understand the basic concepts before moving on to the more complex ones. It is also important to learn their specific terminology and study as much as possible, to improve understanding of the topics and be ready for any exam.

Have you ever wondered why your hands get warm when you rub them together quickly or why by rubbing two sticks you can start a fire? The answer is friction! When two surfaces rub against each other, they naturally resist each other on a microscopic level.

Crystals have something magical about them when they appear to appear out of nowhere in a glass of water; they are in fact made up of substances already present in the liquid but in dissolved form. Perform a crystal experiment while learning the basics of the process.

Your science teacher has organized a toy car race made with a mousetrap: the one that can go farthest wins, and of course you want to win. These simple steps will teach you how to build your own toy car and will help you with useful tips to reach the greatest possible distance in the shortest possible time.

The P-value, or probability value, is a statistical measure that helps scientists determine the correctness of their assumptions. P is used to understand if the results of an experiment fall within the normal range of values for the observed event.

A fuel cell is a device that allows electricity to be obtained directly from certain substances, such as hydrogen or methane, through a chemical reaction called electrolysis. Each cell contains two electrodes, one positive (anode) and one negative (cathode), and the electrolyte that carries the charged particles from one electrode to the other.

To teach the little ones something about natural sciences and some notions of chemistry, there is nothing better than creating a miniature volcano! This experiment lends itself to some variations, the volcano can be created with a moldable dough, with foam resin of the type for insulation, or with papier-mâché, while bicarbonate or carbonated drinks can be used for the eruption.

If you are a cigar aficionado, you will need a hygrometer to make sure you are storing your products at the right humidity. A hygrometer is a tool used to measure the humidity of cigar cases, as well as greenhouses, incubators, museums and more.

Just because it's cold doesn't mean there's snow on the ground. Many snow machines are expensive and impractical to use; however, if you want to cover the garden with a light white blanket, there are a few methods you can try. Steps Method 1 of 2:

Learning how to generate static electricity is a great experiment to start learning more about physics. Based on your interests, you can create static electricity in different ways. To get small shocks, you can rub socks against carpet or fur against plastic wrap or balloons.

This article will help you calculate or measure relative humidity. Relative humidity is an estimate of how saturated the air is with water vapor. To understand what kind of tool you need and how to use it, just follow these steps. Steps Method 1 of 4:

The scientific method forms the backbone of any rigorous scientific research. It encompasses a set of techniques and principles aimed at advancing research and fostering the acquisition of new knowledge and has been gradually developed and refined over the centuries, from ancient Greek philosophers to today's scientists.

Whenever a scientific experiment is performed, a laboratory report should be written specifying why the experiment was performed, what the expected results were, which procedure was used, what the actual results are, as well as a comment analytical about what the results mean.

A cell model is a three-dimensional structure that shows the various parts of an animal or plant cell. You can make one using some material already in the house or buy a few, simple items to try your hand at an educational and fun project. Steps Method 1 of 4:

Autosuggestion is the repetition of words and phrases, with the aim of changing your perception of reality. It is a personal development method used to form positive beliefs about yourself and to break away from bad habits. Autosuggestion works by instilling ideas into the subconscious and making them believe their reality.

A strong wind can greatly increase heat loss at low temperatures. The perceived temperature tries to give a numerical coefficient to this effect, based on the impact of the wind on the exposed skin. What you need to calculate the perceived temperature is a measurement of the temperature and wind speed.

A microscope is a device that magnifies an image allowing you to see small structures in detail. Although there are several models of various sizes, studio and home models typically have similar components: a base, an eyepiece, a lens, and a storage table.

The luminescent water creates, in a dark room, an atmosphere of mystery as if it were illuminated by neon lights, without however bearing the costs of electricity or the neon lamps themselves. With just a few ingredients, some of which may already be in your possession, you can create luminescent water in a few minutes.

Pipettes are indispensable tools often used in chemical laboratories to measure and transfer a precise amount of liquid. These are essentially instruments consisting of a narrow tube with a rubber bulb (Peleo's ball) at the top. The tube is graduated from top to bottom, typically at ten millimeter intervals.

Fog is generated when rapid condensation occurs. You can make a small amount in a jar using hot water and ice, but if you want to make a lot, you'll need a liquid glycerin solution. To get mist that falls instead of rising, use dry ice or create a cooler for regular glycerin-based mist.

The compound microscope is a powerful magnifying tool that is commonly used in scientific laboratories to observe bacteria and other small cell samples. It features at least two convex lenses placed at opposite ends of a tube. The upper portion of the tube (the eyepiece) is raised or lowered, the image of the sample placed under the other end is focused and magnified.

Weather maps show a simplified representation of the current or predicted climate in a given area. The most common map that you may happen to read is the one relating to the surface analysis, which is also the subject of this article. At first, reading surface analysis on a weather map may seem complicated, but with a little practice you'll be able to do it in no time.

Fog in a bottle is a fun science experiment that you can try to make yourself at home. Fog forms when water vapor condenses, creating a haze of tiny water droplets in the air. By mixing hot water with ice, normal or dry, you can recreate this natural phenomenon in a bottle.

In common parlance, decibels are a common way to measure the volume of sound. Decibels are a base 10 logarithmic unit: it means that an increase of 10 decibels produces a sound twice as loud as it started. In general terms, the decibel value of a sound is given by the formula 10 Log 10 (I / 10 -12 ) , where I = sound intensity in watts / square meters.

The difficulty generally encountered in differentiating the two cell types is also a consequence of the fact that the root of their names is misleading. In fact, the first three letters of the term Prokaryote are misleading, suggesting the opposite meaning.

In a secret northern California location, a tree called Hyperion was measured at a record height of 115.61 meters! Believe it or not, the measurement was done using a very long tape measure, but there are much simpler methods to try. While you won't be able to be accurate to the centimeter, these methods will give you good approximations and work for any tall object, such as telephone poles, buildings, or magic bean trees - if you can see the top, you can measure them.