The citation of an essay should include information on the text itself but also on the collection that contains it. Here's how to name one based on the APA, MLA, and Chicago styles.
Steps
Method 1 of 3: APA
Step 1. Write the surname and name of the author (s) of the essay
If the writers are different, the names must be separated with commas, except the last two of the list, which will be divided by an "ampersand" (&).
- Rossi, M.
- Rossi, M. & Bianchi, F.
- Rossi, M., Smith, D. & Bianchi, F.
Step 2. Mention the publication date
If only the release year of the essay collection is available, use this. If the essay's release date is complete, opt for a year-month-day format. Add a period at the end.
- Bianchi, F. (2001).
- Smith, S., Rossi, M. & Bianchi, F. (2011-7-15).
Step 3. Do not use italics, underline or quotation marks for the title
Only the first letter of the first word and proper names should be capitalized. If there is a subtitle, the first letter of the first word after the colon must be capitalized.
- Rossi, F. (2001). The latest discoveries in the diagnosis of mental disorders.
- Bianchi, S., Smith, E. & Rossi, S. (2011-7-15). Chilling Investigations: A Story of Literary Terror.
Step 4. Name the publisher of the edition from which you drew the essay
Introduce the information with the preposition “in”. Write all the names in the format "surname - initial of the name". Separate two editors with an ampersand (&), while, if there are more than three, with commas. If the book has a publisher, include the abbreviation "Ed." in brackets after writing the name. If there are several editors, use "Eds." in brackets, followed by a comma.
- Rossi, F. (2001). The latest discoveries in the diagnosis of mental disorders. In S. Bianchi (Ed.),
- Smith, S., Bianchi, F. & Rossi, M. (2011-7-15). Chilling Investigations: A Story of Literary Terror. In A. Hoffman & C. G. Brooke (Eds.),
Step 5. Indicate the title of the collection
The first letter of the first word and proper names must be capitalized. The title is italicized.
- Rossi, K. (2001). The latest discoveries in the diagnosis of mental disorders. In S. Bianchi (Ed.), Essays on psychology
- Smith, R., Orion, D. & Bianchi S. (2011-7-15). Chilling Investigations: A Story of Literary Terror. In A. Hoffman & C. G. Brooke (Eds.), Genre literature over the years
Step 6. Indicate the numbers of the pages dedicated to the essay
Introduce the information with the abbreviation “pp.”. Add a period after the parenthesis.
- Rossi, M. (2001). The latest discoveries in the diagnosis of mental disorders. In S. Bianchi (Ed.), Essays on psychology (pp. 24-38).
- Smith, R., Orion, D. & Bianchi S. (2011-7-15). Chilling Investigations: A Story of Literary Terror. In A. Hoffman & C. G. Brooke (Eds.), Genre literature over the years (pp. 102-118).
Step 7. Specify the location and name of the publisher
Separate this data with a colon and conclude with a period.
- Rossi, M. (2001). The latest discoveries in the diagnosis of mental disorders. In S. Bianchi (Ed.), Essays on psychology (pp. 24-38). Milan: Yellow Editions.
- Smith, R., Orion, D. & Bianchi S. (2011-7-15). Chilling Investigations: A Story of Literary Terror. In A. Hoffman & C. G. Brooke (Eds.), Genre literature over the years (pp. 102-118). Milan: Yellow Editions.
Method 2 of 3: MLA
Step 1. Indicate the name of the author or authors according to the format "surname - name"
Add the other writers according to the format "name - surname". Separate the lists that exceed the three names with commas and use the conjunction "and" between the last two. Conclude with a period.
- Rossi, Giovanni.
- Rossi, Giovanni and Samuele Bianchi.
- Rossi, Giovanni, Andrea Bianchi and Sandra Johnson.
Step 2. Indicate the title of the essay
The first letter of each important word should be capitalized. The title is enclosed in quotation marks. Place another period at the end of the title.
- Rossi, Giovanni. “The Latest Discoveries in the Diagnosis of Mental Disorders”.
- Rossi, Giovanni and Samuele Bianchi. "Chilling Investigations: A History of Literary Terror".
Step 3. Provide the title of the collection containing the essay and italicize it
The first letter of each important word is capitalized. Conclude with another point.
- Rossi, Giovanni. “The Latest Discoveries in the Diagnosis of Mental Disorders”. Essays on Psychology.
- Rossi, Giovanni and Samuele Bianchi. "Chilling Investigations: A History of Literary Terror". Gender Literature over the Years.
Step 4. Name the editor (s) of the collection
Use their full names in the "first name - last name" format. Place the abbreviation "Ed." before a publisher and the "Eds" before multiple publishers. Conclude with a period.
- Rossi, Giovanni. “The Latest Discoveries in the Diagnosis of Mental Disorders”. Essays on Psychology. Ed. Josh Rowell.
- Rossi, Giovanni and Samuele Bianchi. "Chilling Investigations: A History of Literary Terror". Gender Literature over the Years. Eds. Alexandra Hoffman and Charles Gilbert Brooke.
Step 5. Provide edition data, noting the city and year of publication (not the date of the essay) and the publisher's name
Separate the city and the publisher with a colon and the publisher and the year with a comma. Finally, add a period.
- Rossi, Giovanni. “The Latest Discoveries in the Diagnosis of Mental Disorders”. Essays on Psychology. Ed. Josh Rowell. Milan: Yellow Editions, 2001.
- Rossi, Giovanni and Samuele Bianchi. "Chilling Investigations: A History of Literary Terror". Gender Literature over the Years. Eds. Alexandra Hoffman and Charles Gilbert Brooke. Milan: Yellow Editions, 2011.
Step 6. Specify the pages dedicated to the essay by writing the first and last that contain the text of interest
Separate the page numbers with a hyphen and end with a period.
- Rossi, Giovanni. “The Latest Discoveries in the Diagnosis of Mental Disorders”. Essays on Psychology. Ed. Josh Rowell. Milan: Yellow Editions, 2001. 24-38.
- Rossi, Giovanni and Samuele Bianchi. "Chilling Investigations: A History of Literary Terror". Gender Literature over the Years. Eds. Alexandra Hoffman and Charles Gilbert Brooke. Milan: Yellow Editions, 2011. 102-118.
Step 7. Indicate the publication medium
If it is a printed book, write "Print". If it is an e-book, write "Electronic". If the e-book is on a certain site, write "Web". Conclude with a period.
- Rossi, Giovanni. “The Latest Discoveries in the Diagnosis of Mental Disorders”. Essays on Psychology. Ed. Josh Rowell. Milan: Yellow Editions, 2001. 24-38. Press.
- Rossi, Giovanni and Samuele Bianchi. "Chilling Investigations: A History of Literary Terror". Gender Literature over the Years. Eds. Alexandra Hoffman and Charles Gilbert Brooke. Milan: Yellow Editions, 2011. 102-118. Electronic.
Method 3 of 3: Chicago
Step 1. Name the author (or authors) of the essay
For the footnotes, write the name of each author in the format "name - surname". In the bibliography, add the first author's name in "surname - name" format and all the others in "name - surname" format. Conclude the footnotes with a comma and the references in the bibliography with a period.
- Giovanni Rossi, Daniela Bianchi, and Samuele Johnson,
- Rossi, Giovanni, Daniela Bianchi, and Samuele Johnson.
Step 2. Indicate the title of the essay and place it in quotation marks, with the first letter of the most important terms capitalized
Conclude the footnotes with a comma and the bibliographic indications with a period.
- Giovanni Rossi, Daniela Bianchi, and Samuele Johnson, "Chilling Investigations: A History of Literary Terror,"
- Rossi, Giovanni, Daniela Bianchi, and Samuele Johnson. "Chilling Investigations: A Story of Literary Terror."
Step 3. Indicate the title of the collection containing the essay
Introduce the book with the preposition “in”. The title must be italicized and the first letter of all important words must be capitalized. Both the footnotes and the bibliographic indications must be concluded with a comma.
- Giovanni Rossi, Daniela Bianchi, and Samuele Johnson, "Chilling Investigations: A History of Literary Terror," in Gender Literature Over the Years,
- Rossi, Giovanni, Daniela Bianchi, and Samuele Johnson. "Chilling Investigations: A Story of Literary Terror." In Gender Literature Over the Years,
Step 4. Write the name of the publisher or publishers
Introduce them with the abbreviation "ed." if you mention them in a footnote. In bibliographies, however, present them with the expression "published by". Write the first publisher in the footnote and indicate the existence of further publishers with the abbreviation “et al.”. In bibliographies, on the other hand, the names of all publishers must be included.
- Giovanni Rossi, Daniela Bianchi, and Samuele Johnson, “Chilling Investigations: A History of Literary Terror,” in Gender Literature Over the Years, ed. Alexandra Hoffman, et al.
- Rossi, Giovanni, Daniela Bianchi, and Samuele Johnson. "Chilling Investigations: A Story of Literary Terror." In Gender Literature Over the Years, edited by Alexandra Hoffman and Charles Gilbert Brooke,
Step 5. Indicate the pages of interest
This information should only be included in the bibliography.
- Giovanni Rossi, Daniela Bianchi, and Samuele Johnson, “Chilling Investigations: A History of Literary Terror,” in Gender Literature Over the Years, ed. Alexandra Hoffman, et al.
- Rossi, Giovanni, Daniela Bianchi, and Samuele Johnson. "Chilling Investigations: A Story of Literary Terror." In Gender Literature Over the Years, edited by Alexandra Hoffman and Charles Gilbert Brooke, 102-118.
Step 6. Provide the publisher information
The name and location must be separated by a colon. Insert a comma after the publisher name and then write the year of publication. This information should be placed in brackets if it is a footnote, while in the bibliography this step is not foreseen and the citation should be concluded with a period.
- Giovanni Rossi, Daniela Bianchi, and Samuele Johnson, “Chilling Investigations: A History of Literary Terror,” in Gender Literature Over the Years, ed. Alexandra Hoffman, et al. (Milan: Yellow Editions, 2011),
- Rossi, Giovanni, Daniela Bianchi, and Samuele Johnson. "Chilling Investigations: A Story of Literary Terror." In Gender Literature Over the Years, edited by Alexandra Hoffman and Charles Gilbert Brooke, 102-118. Milan: Yellow Editions, 2011.
Step 7. Enter the specific page number that refers to the quote, paragraph or, in any case, the information borrowed only in the footnotes
End with a period.
- Giovanni Rossi, Daniela Bianchi, and Samuele Johnson, “Chilling Investigations: A History of Literary Terror,” in Gender Literature Over the Years, ed. Alexandra Hoffman, et al. (Milan: Yellow Editions, 2011), 111.
- Rossi, Giovanni, Daniela Bianchi, and Samuele Johnson. "Chilling Investigations: A Story of Literary Terror." In Gender Literature Over the Years, edited by Alexandra Hoffman and Charles Gilbert Brooke, 102-118. Milan: Yellow Editions, 2011.
